长期体育健身对青年足底压力及步态的影响

关键词：足底压力  峰力值  峰力值时间  负荷率  体育健身

Keywords:sole pressure  peak torque  time to peak torque  load rate  exercise

摘要：

      摘要 目的：认识长期体育健身对青年自然行走过程中足底压力及步态的影响。 方法：本研究运用比利时Footscan足底压力分布测试系统对石家庄学院长期进行体育健身的男生103人，无长期进行体育健身的男生107人进行了个人平常步态自然行走测试。 结果：长期体育健身青年与普通青年左、右足底各区域峰力值比较，长期体育健身青年均大于普通青年，统计学检验均表现出高度显著性（P＜0.01），双足峰力值最大值均出现在足跟内侧。长期体育健身青年与普通青年左、右足底各区域达峰力值的时间和负荷率比较，统计学差异均显示出高度显著性（P＜0.01）。长期体育健身青年与普通青年左、右足底各区域的冲量统计学比较在第1趾骨、第2—5趾骨、第1跖骨、第2跖骨、第3跖骨、足跟内侧、足跟外侧7个区域差异具有高度显著性（P＜0.01），足底冲量最大的区域主要分布在足跟内侧、第3跖骨、足跟外侧、第2跖骨，冲量较小的区域主要分布在第2—5趾骨、足弓。 结论：长期体育健身青年与普通青年左、右双足的峰力值、达峰力值的时间、负荷率、冲量参数都存在不同程度的差异，但青年进行长期体育健身并没有改变人体自然行走时足底接触地面的依次顺序，只是加大了接触地面的力量、加快了速度。说明体育健身对于下肢的力量、速度感、平衡能力等素质具有较好的促进作用。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective: To study if long-term exercise can change sole pressure and gait in young men. Method：Flat panel type FOOTSCAN in sole pressure test system(Belgium) was used to study the difference of sole pressure and gait during natural walking between young men with long-term exercise(n=103) and without long-term exercise(n=107). Result：There were highly significant difference in peak torques of foot（P＜0.01）,in exercise group the peak torque was greater and the max data presented at heel medial. Time for reaching peak torque and load rate in two groups had significant disparities（P＜0.01）. The same results also existed in impulses of toe1, toe2—5, meta1, meta2, meta3, heel medial and heel lateral. There were bigger impulses in regions of heel medial, meta3, toe1, heel lateral and meta2. Conclusion：There were differences in different extents for such parameters as peak torques, time for reaching peak torque, load rates and impulse parameters. Long-term training didn't change the order of contact during natural walking, but could increase the contact power and the walking speed. It suggested exercise could promote the strength of lower limbs, speed and balance.