老年人下肢多关节闭链动作神经肌肉功能与坐到站动作表现的关系

关键词：坐到站  肌力  反应时间  老年人

Keywords:sit to stand  muscle strength  reaction time  elderly

摘要：

      摘要 目的：探讨老年人坐到站动作表现与在下肢多关节闭链动作下肢肌力、反应性和协调性等神经肌肉功能的相关性。 方法：53位老年人受试者参与本研究，平均年龄(71.4±7.0)岁。利用功能性蹲屈测试训练仪，在下肢闭链、多关节动作模式下测量下肢的肌力、反应性（反应时间、动作时间）和协调性（轨迹追踪）。5次坐到站测试（FTSTS）来评估受试者从坐到站动作表现。所得资料以描述性统计、Pearson相关分析、偏相关分析和分层回归分析等进行统计分析。 结果：Pearson相关分析与控制年龄变量后偏相关分析结果均显示FTSST时间与肌力、反应时和动作时有显著相关（P＜0.05），但协调性测试结果与FTSST时间之间无相关（P＞0.05）。分层多元回归分析结果提示肌力、反应时和动作时等变量为FTSST时间的重要预测因素，可解释FTSST时间42.5%的变异量，其中下肢肌力是最重要的预测因素（R2=0.26）。 结论：本研究结果初步显示下肢肌力和反应性是预测坐到站动作表现重要的神经肌肉因素。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective: To investigate the relationship between sit to stand (STS) performance and neuromuscular parameters by multi-joint closed-kinetic chain action of lower limb, including muscle strength, reaction time, and coordination. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 53 elderly volunteers were recruited. All subjects were tested by the functional squat system for quantifying their muscle strength, reaction time, and coordination during multi-joint closed-kinetic chain action of lower limb. The five times sit to stand test (FTSTS) was used to assess STS performance. The data were analyzed by using the statistic descriptive, Pearson's correlation coefficient, partial correlation coefficience adjusted by age and hierarchical regression analysis. Result: There were significantly correlations of lower-limb strength, reaction time and movement time with FTSTS time(P＜0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that lower-limb strength, reaction time and movement time were significant predictors of FTSTS time, explained 42.5% of the variance in FTSTS time. Of these measures, lower-limb strength had the highest beta weight, indicating it was the most important variable in explaining the variance in FTSTS time (R2=0.26). Conclusion: The preliminary findings indicate that lower-limb strength and reaction time are most important predictive neuromuscular parameters for STS performance in older people.