优秀乒乓球运动员肩胛肌失衡的表面肌电特点

关键词：乒乓球运动员  肩胛肌失衡  表面肌电图

Keywords:table tennis athlete  scapular muscle imbalance  surface electromyogram

摘要：

      摘要 目的：明确优秀乒乓球运动员是否存在肩胛肌失衡（SMI），并分析其特有的表面肌电图（sEMG）特点及发病机制，为预防康复措施提供科学依据。 方法：选择国家男子乒乓球运动员，分为健康运动员组（HA）、肩胛失衡运动员组（IA）以及健康对照组（CON）进行肩胛肌肉sEMG测试。 结果：正手击球时，IA组运动员的斜方肌上束（UT）和前锯肌（SA）的活动较CON组和HA组增大（显著性分别为P=0.002；P=0.004，P＜0.001），而斜方肌中束（MT）的活动较后两组明显减小（P＜0.001）；反手击球时，IA组运动员的UT的活动较CON和HA组增大（P＜0.001），MT的活动较后两组明显减小（P=0.015）。 结论：优秀乒乓球运动员存在肩胛肌失衡，且有其特有的sEMG特点；SMI乒乓球运动员可能出现盂肱关节的前移、外移和下移。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective: To look for the presence of scapular muscle imbalance(SMI) in elite table tennis athletes, while to determine its surface electromyogram(sEMG) characteristics and mechanism. Method: The sEMG data were collected while the participants performed striking，the athletes were divided into 3 groups: healthy athlete group（HA）, imbalance athlete group（IA）, control group（CON）. Result: During observe strike,compared with HA group and CON group, the activities of upper trapezius(UT) and serratus anterior（SA） of IA group were stronger(P=0.002,P=0.004,and P＜0.001, respectively)； while middle trapezius（MT） had less activity(P＜0.001); during reverse strike,compared with HA group and CON group,the activity of UT of IA group were stronger(P＜0.001),while middle trapezius（MT） had less activity(P=0.015). Conclusion: The SMI was presented in table tennis athletes; its sEMG had unique characteristics; and the anterior, lateral and inferior displacements of glenohumeral might occur in table tennis athletes with SMI.