脊髓损伤住院患者康复辅助器具应用情况分析

关键词：脊髓损伤  辅助器具  轮椅  需求  应用分析

Keywords:spinal cord injury  assistive device  wheelchair  needs  application analysis

摘要：

      摘要 目的：了解脊髓损伤住院患者康复辅助器具的需求及使用情况。 方法：预先设计调查表，通过调阅病历、查询辅助器具配备记录等方法，统计辅助器具配备和应用情况。 结果：73例脊髓损伤住院患者中，40例（54.79%）在入院前配备了辅助器具，但其中61.54%不符合要求；住院后共71例（97.26%）配备了辅助器具，配备辅助器具数量由高到低分别为生活辅具（224件）、矫形器（101件）、轮椅（64台）、压力衣（49件）、助行器具（37件）。与配备前相比，配备后颈、胸、腰段损伤患者MBI评分明显提高，差异具有显著性意义（P＜0.001）。 结论：绝大部分脊髓损伤患者有辅助器具需求，辅助器具可提高脊髓损伤患者的日常生活活动（ADL）能力，目前辅助器具配备工作存在不足，需在今后工作中加强。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective: To survey the needs and application of rehabilitation aids in hospitalized patients with spinal cord injury. Method: Using pre-designed questionnaire, by reading case histories and assistive devices equipped records, to survey the application of rehabilitation aids in patients with spinal cord injury. Result: Seventy-three patients with spinal cord injury involved in the survey. Forty cases (54.79%) were equipped with assistive devices before admission, but 61.54% of the assistive devices did not meet the needs of patients. Seventy-one patients (97.26%) were equipped with assistive devices after admission. The amounts of rehabilitation aids were 224 self-care aids, 101 orthopedics, 64 wheelchairs, 49 pressure garments, and 37 walking aids, respectively. Compared with before, the scores of modified Barthel index improved significantly (P＜0.001) after using assistive devices in all the groups of cervical, thoracic and lumbar injury levels. Conclusion: Most of the patients with spinal cord injury need the service of assistive technology. And the assistive device can improve the abilities of activities of daily living（ADL） of the patients with spinal cord injury. The current assistive device and assistive service can not meet the needs of people with spinal cord injury. A sound service network, specification process of aids service and personnel training are recommended to improve the assistive devices service.