脑性瘫痪儿童神经心理功能障碍的特征

关键词：脑性瘫痪  神经心理功能障碍  空间认知

Keywords:cerebral palsy  neuropsychological dysfunction  spatial cognition

摘要：

      摘要 目的：对脑瘫儿童的神经心理功能进行测量，分析脑瘫儿童神经心理功能的水平及障碍的特征。 方法：采用临床神经心理测量工具如线段方向判断测验、划消测验、韦氏记忆量表、Corsi触摸测验、YWG阅读测查表、WCST、河内塔测验、REY复杂图形临摹等对67例脑瘫儿童的神经心理功能进行测量，并与正常儿童进行比较。 结果：脑瘫儿童的线段方向判断任务成绩低于正常儿童，差异具有显著意义（P<0.01）；划消测验的完成时间与正常儿童差异显著（P<0.01），而测验的错误数即漏划数上两者差异不显著（P＞0.05）；记忆测验中，图形记忆、联想记忆任务成绩存在差异（分别为P<0.01，P<0.05），而经历与定向、视觉再认、顺背数及Corsi任务差异均不显著（P＞0.05）；脑瘫儿童与正常儿童WCST完成分类数差异具有显著意义（P<0.01），而持续性错误和总错误数差异不显著（P＞0.05）；河内塔移动次数差异具有显著意义（P<0.01），而错误数差异不显著（P＞0.05）；REY复杂图形临摹成绩明显落后于正常儿童(P<0.05)。 结论：脑瘫儿童主要存在信息处理速度、空间记忆、概念形成、问题解决策略和思维灵活性及运用功能障碍。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective: To evaluate the neuropsychological function and analyze characteristics of neuropsychological dysfunction in cerebral palsy(CP) children. Method: Sixty-seven CP were tested by judgement of the line orientation, cancellation, Wechsler memory scale(WMS), Corsi block-tapping test，Yin&Butterworth(YWG) reading scale, Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST)，Tower of Hanoi(ToH), Rey complex figure test. and compared with typically developed children. Result: Compared with typically developed children, CP children performed significantly worse in judgement of the line orientation（P<0.01）, speed of cancellation（P<0.01）, picture memory（P<0.01）, associate memory（P<0.05）, category of WCST（P<0.01）, number of moves of ToH（P<0.01）, score of Rey complex figure test （P<0.05）, whereas, CP children showed no difference in omissions of cancellation, personal and current information, orientation, digit span and Corsi test（P＞0.05）. Conclusion: Slow information processing, picture memory deficit, impairment of concept formation, lack of strategies and flexibility in problem solving and disorder of praxis were found in CP children.