孤独症谱系障碍儿童观点采择与父母胜任力的提升：角色扮演游戏与现场反馈的整合研究

关键词：角色扮演游戏  孤独症谱系障碍  社会观点采择  父母胜任力

Keywords:role-playing games  autism spectrum disorder  social perspective-taking  parental competence

摘要：

      摘要 目的：评估家长参与并得到现场反馈的角色扮演游戏对孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的疗效，并探讨其对父母胜任力的影响，以期为ASD儿童的康复治疗提供新的思路。 方法：选取70例ASD儿童，随机分为对照组和干预组。对照组接受传统的一对一角色扮演游戏治疗，家长仅作为旁观者；干预组则在此基础上，额外进行60min的家长参与式角色扮演游戏，并由治疗师提供现场反馈。研究在干预前、干预后及追踪期三个阶段对儿童的社会观点采择能力和父母的育儿胜任力进行评估，同时在干预前和追踪期对儿童进行Griffiths量表评价。 结果：纳入64例有效数据。结果显示，干预组儿童在干预后及追踪期的社会观点采择能力相较于基线水平有显著提升，且在追踪期，儿童在Griffiths量表的个人-社会、听力和语言发展方面较对照组有显著提高（P＜0.05）。同时，干预组家长的育儿胜任感亦有显著增强（P＜0.05）。 结论：角色扮演游戏与现场反馈整合的干预模式，可以有效提升ASD儿童的社会观点采择能力、促进其发展水平，并增强父母的育儿胜任力。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective： To evaluate the efficacy of role-playing games with parental involvement and immediate therapist feedback for children with autism spectrum disorder（ASD） and to explore their impact on parental competence， thereby providing new insights for ASD rehabilitation. Method： Seventy children with ASD were randomly assigned to either a control or an intervention group. The control group received traditional one-on-one role-playing therapy with parents as observers. In addition to this therapy，the intervention group participated in a 60-minute parent-inclusive role-playing session with real-time therapist feedback. Assessments of children’s social perspective-taking abilities and parental competence were conducted at pre- and post-intervention and at follow-up. Children’s developmental outcomes were further evaluated using the Griffiths Scales at the same timepoints. Result： Sixty-four participants provided valid data. The intervention group showed significant improvements in social perspective-taking post-intervention and at follow-up compared to baseline （P<0.05）. At follow-up， children in the intervention group also scored higher on personal and social， hearing， and language development domains of the Griffiths Scale than the control group （P<0.05）. Parental competence in the intervention group significantly increased （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The integrated intervention of role-playing games with immediate feedback effectively enhances social perspective-taking in children with ASD，promotes developmental levels，and strengthens parental competence.