探讨新型家庭病房模式对孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言、社交及生活自理能力的影响

关键词：新型家庭病房模式  儿童  孤独症谱系障碍  疗效

Keywords:new family ward model  children  autism spectrum disorder  curative effect

摘要：

      摘要 目的：为改善孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）儿童的预后，探讨新型家庭病房模式对ASD儿童康复训练的应用价值。 方法：选取2022年1月—2024年1月湖北省妇幼保健院光谷院区儿童保健科病区收治的ASD儿童72例作为研究对象，纳入研究组。同期于我科门诊训练中心行康复治疗的ASD儿童66例纳入对照组。所有儿童均予以语言训练、社交训练、感觉统合训练、精细动作训练、作业疗法、行为矫正训练、家长培训等综合训练方法。基于新型家庭病房模式给予研究组儿童家庭支持服务，实时指导家庭康复训练、自然情景泛化及生活技能提升。所有儿童每日训练6h，训练6个月。两组儿童训练前后均接受VB-MAPP、ABC量表、CARS量表、SRS量表及S-M量表评估以进行疗效分析。 结果：训练6个月后研究组儿童CARS量表、SRS量表分数较对照组明显下降，差异有显著性（t=2.89、3.04，P＜0.05）；与对照组相比，研究组VB-MAPP、S-M量表评估分数明显提升，差异有显著性（t=﹣2.42、﹣2.45，P＜0.05）。 结论：新型家庭病房模式能有效提升ASD儿童语言、生活技能及社会适应能力，并能提供充分的家庭支持服务，从而更加有效地改善ASD儿童的预后。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective： To evaluate the application value of a new family ward model in rehabilitation training for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its impact on improving the prognosis.. Method： Seventy-two children with ASD admitted to the Children's Health Department of Guanggu Branch of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were assigned to the study group. Another 66 children with ASD who underwent rehabilitation treatment at the outpatient training center during the same period were included as the control group. All children received comprehensive training methods such as language training， social training， sensory integration training， fine motor training， occupational therapy， behavior correction training， and parent training. Based on the new family ward model， the research group provides family support services for pediatric patients， providing real-time guidance on family rehabilitation training， natural scenario generalization， and life skills improvement. All patients are trained 6 hours a day for 6 months. Both groups of children were evaluated by the VB-MAPP， ABC scale， CARS scale， SRS scale， and S-M scale evaluation before and after training for efficacy analysis. Result： After 6 months of training， the scores of CARS and SRS scales in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group （t=2.89， 3.04， P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the VB-MAPP and S-M scale evaluation scores in the study group were significantly improved （t=﹣2.42，﹣2.45， P<0.05）. Conclusion： The new family ward model can effectively improve the language， daily living skills， and social adaptation abilities of children with ASD， and provide sufficient family support services， thereby improving the prognosis of ASD children more effectively.