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付常喜,王大宁,秦永生,何瑞波,马 刚,彭 朋.持续耐力运动减轻而高强度间歇运动加重高血压大鼠心脏重塑的研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2025,(11):1612~1620
持续耐力运动减轻而高强度间歇运动加重高血压大鼠心脏重塑的研究    点此下载全文
付常喜  王大宁  秦永生  何瑞波  马 刚  彭 朋
徐州工程学院体育学院,江苏省徐州市,221008
基金项目:天津市自然科学基金项目(17JCYBJC27400)
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2025.11.002
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摘要:
      摘要 目的:对比不同运动方式对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心脏重塑(心脏肥大、心肌纤维化、胚胎基因表达以及毛细血管生成等)的作用并探讨其可能机制。 方法:45只雄性SHR随机分为安静组(SHR-SED)、持续耐力运动组(SHR-CET)、高强度间歇运动组(SHR-HIIT),同时以10只Wistar-Kyoto大鼠作为正常血压对照组(NC)。SHR-HIIT组运动强度(70%—90%最高跑速)、持续时间(1—4min)和运动频率(3—5d/w)逐渐增加,SHR-CET组始终以60%最高跑速强度运动,两组能量消耗一致,干预周期为12周。实验后,利用无创血压仪测定尾动脉血压;超声心动图检测心脏结构与功能;HE和Masson染色进行病理组织学观察;免疫组织化学法检测心肌微血管密度(MVD);Western Blot检测心房钠尿肽(ANP)、脑钠肽(BNP)、β-肌球蛋白重链(β-MHC)、低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达量。 结果:与NC组比较,SHR-SED组血压升高(P<0.05),左心室发生向心性肥大伴心功能下降以及心肌纤维化,MVD减少(P<0.05),HIF-1α蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与SHR-SED组比较,SHR-CET组血压下降(P<0.05),左心室呈现离心性肥大伴心功能增强(P<0.05),心肌纤维化减轻,MVD增加(P<0.05),HIF-1α表达下降(P<0.05),eNOS表达升高(P<0.05),SHR-HIIT组左心室向心性肥大程度加重,BNP表达升高(P<0.05)。 结论:长期CET减轻而HIIT则加重高血压大鼠心脏重塑。传统CET仍然是高血压患者的主要运动康复方式,HIIT的安全性和有效性尚待进一步证实。
关键词:高强度间歇运动  持续耐力运动  高血压  大鼠  心脏重塑
Continuous endurance training alleviated whereas high-intensity interval training aggravated cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats    Download Fulltext
Department of Physical Education,Xuzhou University of Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu,221008
Fund Project:
Abstract:
      Abstract Objective: To compare effects of different training modalities on cardiac remodeling (including cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, fetal gene expression and capillary angiogenesis) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and to investigate potential mechanism. Method: Forty-five male SHR were randomly divided into sedentary(SHR-SED) group, continuous endurance training(SHR-CET) group and high-intensity interval training(SHR-HIIT) group, with ten normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats serving as the normal control (NC) group. The exercise intensity(70%—90% maximal running speed),duration(1—4min) and exercise frequency(3—5d/w) were progressively increased g in SHR-HIIT group,while SHR-CET group consistently exercised at 60% of the maximal running speed. Both groups had equal energy consumption over an intervention period of 12 weeks. After the intervention, caudal artery pressure was assessed by non-invasive blood pressure tester; cardiac structure and function was evaluated by echocardiogram; histopathological detection was detected by HE and Masson staining; myocardial microvessel density (MVD) was measured by immunohistochemistry; protein expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected by Western Blot. Result: Compared with NC group, SHR-SED group had elevated blood pressure (P<0.05), concentric hypertrophy in the left ventricle with decreased cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis, reduced MVD (P<0.05), and increased HIF-1α protein expression(P<0.05). Compared with SHR-SED group, SHR-CET group showed a decrease in blood pressure(P<0.05), left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy with enhanced cardiac function (P<0.05), reduced myocardial fibrosis, increased MVD (P<0.05), decreased HIF-1α expression(P<0.05), and increased eNOS expression(P<0.05). The SHR-HIIT group showed worsened left ventricular concentric hypertrophy and increased BNP expression(P<0.05). Conclusion: Long-term continuous endurance training (CET) alleviated while high-intensity interval training (HIIT) aggravated cardiac remodeling in hypertensive rats. Traditional CET remains the primary exercise rehabilitation method for hypertension, however, the safety and effectiveness of HIIT need to be further confirmed.
Keywords:high-intensity interval training  continuous endurance training  hypertension  rats  cardiac remodeling
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