| 孙玉马,马文超,王庆博,陆春敏,张 艳.高强度间歇运动对衰老大鼠骨健康的影响及机制研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2026,(1):41~49 |
| 高强度间歇运动对衰老大鼠骨健康的影响及机制研究 点此下载全文 |
| 孙玉马 马文超 王庆博 陆春敏 张 艳 |
| 徐州工程学院体育学院,江苏省徐州市,221008 |
| 基金项目:广西教育科学“十三五”规划课题(2017C386) |
| DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1242.2026.01.005 |
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| 摘要
目的:探讨高强度间歇运动(HIIT)对衰老大鼠骨健康的影响并探讨其可能机制。
方法:48只雄性Wistar大鼠按照随机数字表法分为青年安静组(3月龄)、青年运动组(3月龄)、老年安静组(20月龄)和老年运动组(20月龄),每组12只。青年安静组和老年安静组大鼠在鼠笼内饲养,青年运动组和老年运动组在跑台上进行5d/周、共6周的HIIT。实验后分离双侧胫骨和股骨,取左侧胫骨测定生物力学、生物物理学和生物化学参数,利用显微计算机断层扫描技术检测右侧胫骨微结构,左侧股骨HE染色后行病理组织学观察,右侧股骨采用免疫印迹法测定骨代谢相关蛋白表达量。
结果:与青年安静组比较,老年安静组骨密度、骨基质含量、骨矿含量、骨钙含量和骨磷含量下降(P<0.05);最大载荷、刚度、韧性和弹性下降(P<0.05);骨小梁数量、骨小梁厚度、骨小梁连接密度下降(P<0.05),骨小梁分离度升高(P<0.05);骨髓脂肪细胞密度增加(P<0.05);Ⅰ型胶原、骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)、骨保护素/核因子κB受体活化因子配体(OPG/RANKL)比值降低(P<0.05),骨硬化蛋白(SOST)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)上调(P<0.05)。与老年安静组比较,老年运动组骨密度、骨基质含量、骨矿含量、骨钙含量和骨磷含量增加(P<0.05);骨刚度和韧性升高(P<0.05);皮质骨厚度、骨小梁厚度增加(P<0.05),骨小梁分离度下降(P<0.05);骨髓脂肪细胞密度降低(P<0.05);Ⅰ型胶原、OPG/RANK比值升高(P<0.05),SOST、BMP-2、PPARγ下调(P<0.05)。
结论:长期HIIT能够改善衰老所致的骨微结构破坏和骨生物力学性能异常,其机制与调控骨代谢的多个分子事件(包括上调胶原蛋白表达,促进骨形成,抑制骨吸收和脂肪生成)有关。 |
| 关键词:衰老 高强度间歇运动 骨健康 生物力学 分子事件 |
| Effects of high-intensity interval training on bone health in senescent rats Download Fulltext |
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| Xuzhou University of Technology, Jiangsu, Xuzhou, 221008 |
| Fund Project: |
| Abstract: |
| Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on bone health in senescent rats and investigate the possible mechanism.
Method: Total 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into young sedentary group (3 months old), young exercise group (3 months old), old sedentary group (20 months old) and old exercise group (20 months old) with sample of n=12 in each group according to the random number table method. Rats in young sedentary and old sedentary groups were raised in cages,while those in young exercise and old exercise groups were given HIIT on the treadmill for 6 weeks (5 days per week). After the experiment, bilateral tibia and femur were separated, biomechanical, biophysical and biochemical characteristics of left tibia were measured, microstructure of right tibia was detected by micro-computed tomography, histopathological observation of the left femur was performed after HE staining. The expression of bone metabolism related proteins in right femur was determined by immunoblotting.
Result: Compared to the young sedentary group,the old sedentary group showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in bone mineral density, bone matrix content, bone mineral content, bone calcium content and bone phosphorus content; Additionally, maximum load, stiffness, toughness and elasticity were reduced(P<0.05);The number of trabecular bone, thickness of trabecular bone, density of trabecular connection decreased (P<0.05), while the degree of separation of trabecular bone increased (P<0.05). The density of bone marrow adipocytes increased (P<0.05).Moreover, type Ⅰ collagen, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), osteoprotegerin/nuclear factor-κB receptor activator ligand (OPG/RANKL) ratio decreased (P<0.05), sclerostin (SOST) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) were upregulated (P<0.05) in old sedentary group. Compared with old sedentary group, bone mineral density, bone matrix content, bone mineral content, bone calcium content and bone phosphorus content increased (P<0.05); bone stiffness and toughness increased (P<0.05); cortical bone thickness, trabecular thickness increased (P<0.05), trabecular separation decreased (P<0.05); bone marrow adipocyte density decreased (P<0.05); type Ⅰ collagen, OPG/RANKL ratio increased (P<0.05), and SOST, BMP-2 and PPARγ were downregulated (P<0.05) in old exercise group.
Conclusion: Long-term HIIT can improve bone microstructural destruction and abnormal bone biomechanical properties caused by senescence. Its mechanism is related to the regulation of multiple molecular events of bone metabolism,including upregulation of collagen expression, promotion of bone formation, inhibition of bone resorption and lipogenesis. |
| Keywords:senescence high-intensity interval training bone health biomechanics molecular event |
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