发散式体外冲击波疗法治疗慢性非特异性腰痛的临床效果

关键词：慢性非特异性腰痛  体外冲击波  疼痛

Keywords:chronic non-specific low back pain  extracorporeal shock wave therapy  pain

摘要：

      摘要 目的：观察发散式体外冲击波疗法对慢性非特异性腰痛的治疗效果。 方法：参与者被随机分为常规康复治疗组（n=33）和体外冲击波治疗组（n=30），常规康复治疗组包括干扰电疗法、激光疗法和超短波电疗法，每周5次，共20次；体外冲击波治疗每周1次，一共4次。两组均接受核心肌群训练指导，包括仰卧臀桥和平板支撑。于治疗前、治疗2周及4周时采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）、日本骨科协会腰痛评价表（JOA）和改良Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）进行疗效评定。 结果：治疗后两组VAS评分均有降低（P＜0.05），冲击波治疗组的镇痛效果优于常规康复治疗组（P＜0.05）；两组在治疗后的功能障碍上均有改善（P＜0.05），体外冲击波组对功能障碍（ODI）的改善优于常规康复治疗组（P＜0.05），然而在JOA评分上无显著性差异（P＜0.05）。 结论：发散式体外冲击波疗法在改善慢性非特异性腰痛的疼痛及功能障碍方面优于常规康复治疗。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on chronic non-specific low back pain. Method： Participants were randomly divided into a conventional rehabilitation treatment group （n=33） and an extracorporeal shock wave therapy group （n=30）. The conventional rehabilitation treatment group received interferential therapy， laser therapy， and shortwave diathermy five times a week for a total of 20 sessions， while the extracorporeal shock wave therapy group received treatment once a week for a total of four sessions. Both groups received core muscle training guidance， including supine hip bridge and plank. Visual analogue scale （VAS）， Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire （JOA）， and modified Oswestry Disability Index （ODI） were used to evaluate treatment efficacy before treatment， after two weeks treatment， and after four weeks treatment. Result： Both groups had a decrease in VAS scores after treatment（P<0.05）， and the analgesic effect of the shock wave therapy group was superior to that of the conventional rehabilitation treatment group（P<0.05）. Both groups showed improvement in functional disability after treatment （P<0.05）， and the extracorporeal shock wave therapy group had a greater improvement in functional disability than the conventional rehabilitation treatment group （P<0.05）. However， there was no statistical difference in JOA scores between the two groups （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is superior to conventional rehabilitation treatment in improving pain and functional disability in chronic non-specific low back pain.