丰富环境刺激联合Beckman口肌训练对新生儿重症监护室早产儿早期发育的促进作用

关键词：丰富环境刺激  Beckman口肌训练  早产儿  新生儿重症监护室

Keywords:enriched environmental stimulation  Beckman oral motor intervention  preterm infants  neonatal intensive care unit

摘要：

      摘要 目的：评价在新生儿重症监护室中，通过介入丰富环境刺激并结合Beckman口肌训练，对早产儿早期喂养表现、体格发育及脑功能发育的促进作用。 方法：选取2022年6月—2024年3月在苏州大学附属儿童医院新生儿科收治的符合纳入标准的早产儿共60例，按随机数字表法分为三组：常规干预组、丰富环境组和联合干预组，每组20例。常规干预组仅接受常规临床治疗和护理；丰富环境组在此基础上增加丰富环境刺激；联合干预组则在常规干预的基础上增加丰富环境刺激联合Beckman口肌训练。干预时间为2周，比较三组在干预前后喂养表现（包括新生儿口腔运动功能评估量表（neonatal oral motor assessment scale，NOMAS）评分及经口喂养过渡时间）、体格发育（体重）及脑功能发育（通过振幅整合脑电图（amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram，aEGG）监测）方面的变化。 结果：干预2周后，三组早产儿的NOMAS评分、体重及aEEG评分均较干预前显著提升（P<0.05）。其中，联合干预组的NOMAS评分、体重和aEEG评分显著高于常规干预组和丰富环境组（P<0.05），且其经口喂养过渡时间明显短于其他两组（P<0.05）。 结论：本研究初步表明，在NICU中实施丰富环境刺激联合Beckman口肌训练与早产儿的喂养表现、体格发育和脑功能改善相关，显示出对早期生长发育具有潜在促进作用。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective： To evaluate the effects of enriched environmental stimulation combined with Beckman oral motor intervention in the neonatal intensive care unit （NICU） on early feeding performance， physical growth， and brain function development in preterm infants. Method： A total of 60 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal department of Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital from June 2022 to March 2024 were selected based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into three groups using a random number table： the routine intervention group，the enriched environment group，and the combined intervention group，with 20 cases in each group. The routine intervention group received only standard clinical treatment and care；the enriched environment group received additional enriched environmental stimulation；and the combined intervention group received enriched environmental stimulation combined with Beckman oral motor intervention， in addition to the routine care. The intervention duration was 2 weeks. Feeding performance [including neonatal oral motor assessment scale（NOMAS） score and transition time to oral feeding]， physical growth （weight）， and brain function development （measured by amplitude-integrated EEG， aEEG） were compared among the three groups before and after the intervention. Result： After two weeks of intervention， the NOMAS scores， weight， and aEEG scores of preterm infants in all three groups showed significant improvement compared to before the intervention （P<0.05）. Among them， the combined intervention group had significantly higher NOMAS scores， weight， and aEEG scores than the routine intervention group and the enriched environment group （P<0.05）， and the transition time to oral feeding was notably shorter than in the other two groups （P<0.05）. Conclusion： This study preliminarily showed that the implementation of enriched environmental stimulation combined with Beckman oral motor training in the NICU can significantly improve feeding performance， physical growth， and brain function in preterm infants， showing a potential promoting effect on early growth and development.