老年人健身背向走的足底压力与步态特征

关键词：背向走  足底压力  足  老年人

Keywords:backward walking  foot pressure  foot  the elder

摘要：

      摘要 目的：研究健身背向走时的动态足底压力分布，对老年人健身锻炼提出建议。 方法：采用Footscan高频足底压力测试系统检测48名老年人自然正向走及背向走时的动态足底压力分布，对比分析背向走步态特征。 结果：背向走时足底压力-时间曲线呈单峰型。背向走时第2跖骨、第1跖骨、第2—5趾骨处的冲量小于正向走，足跟、第4跖骨、第5跖骨、足弓处的冲量大于正向走，差异具有显著性意义；背向走时第2跖骨、第3跖骨、第4跖骨处的最大压强小于正向走，足跟与第1跖骨处的最大压强大于正向走，差异具有显著性意义；背向走时足底压力中心较正常步行变化范围大。 结论：背向走较正向走可以使足底各部位压力分布均匀，并能锻炼平衡控制能力及肌肉调节能力。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective: To understand dynamic foot pressure distribution during fitness backward walking, and raise a proposal for the elders fitness exercises. Method：A total of 48 elders received the measurement of dynamic foot pressure distribution during natural walking and backward walking. Footscan USB2 system was used. The gait features of backward walking were analyzed comparatively. Result：Stress-time curve showed a single peak during backward walking. The impulses of the 2nd metatarsals, the 1st metatarsals and the 2nd to the 5th phalange during backward walking were weaker than those during natural walking, but the impulses of the heel, the 4th metatarsals, the 5th metatarsals and the archs were stronger than those during natural walking, and the differences were significant. The maximum pressures of the 2nd metatarsals, the 3rd metatarsals and the 4th metatarsals during backward walking were weaker than those during natural walking, but the maximum pressures of the heel and the 1st metatarsals were stronger than those during natural walking, and the differences were significant. The changes of foot pressure center were more extensive during backward walking than those during natural walking. Conclusion: Backward walking can promote the foot pressure distribution more evenly, so the abilities of balance control and muscle regulation can be trained.