有氧训练改善额叶损伤大鼠认知灵活性的机制研究

关键词：有氧训练  额叶损伤  认知灵活性

Keywords:aerobic training  frontal lobe injury  cognitive flexibility

摘要：

      摘要 目的：探讨有氧训练改善额叶损伤大鼠认知灵活性的机制。 方法：按照随机数字表法将30只雄性SD大鼠分为假模组、有氧训练组和模型组，每组10只。使用eCCI-6.3装置制备大鼠额叶损伤模型，假模组大鼠不接受额叶撞击，仅行开颅去骨瓣手术。有氧训练组给予每周6次，共持续9周的游泳训练；干预结束后三组大鼠均进行注意定势转移任务测试，额叶组织取材后应用TUNEL法检测神经细胞凋亡情况、应用免疫组化染色检测多巴胺受体DR1的表达，应用高效液相色谱分析法检测多巴胺含量。 结果：有氧训练组的简单辨别（10.37±1.29）次、复杂辨别（15.11±3.55）次、逆反学习1（16.76±1.78）次、内维度转换（11.76±1.65）次、逆反学习2（12.02±0.91）次、外维度转换（10.19±2.01）次和逆反学习3（13.19±2.01）次成绩均显著优于模型组（分别为：14.20±0.98，19.01±2.89，21.30±1.56，14.36±2.01，16.58±1.12，15.45±1.11，18.78±3.01）次，且持续性错误数量（4.03±0.87）次显著低于模型组（10.02±1.04）（P＜0.05）；与模型组相比，有氧训练组额叶组织神经细胞凋亡率（32.12±2.57，11.57±2.89；P＜0.001）明显减少，DRD1的表达（0.13±0.04，0.29±0.03；P＜0.001）及多巴胺含量（136.88±5.82，213.77±8.27ng/ml；P＜0.001）显著增加。 结论：有氧训练对额叶损伤大鼠的认知灵活性障碍具有改善作用，其机制与其可以减少额叶组织神经细胞凋亡、增加多巴胺含量及DRD1表达有关。

Abstract:

      Abstract Objective：To explore the mechanism of "aerobic training" improving the cognitive flexibility of frontal lobe injury rats. Method：Thirty male SD rats were divided into false modules， aerobic training group and model group according to the random number table (n=10， respectively). The fake module only underwent craniotomy to remove the bone flap and no impact was performed on the frontal lobe. The model group and aerobic training group were established by eCCI-6.3 device. The aerobic training group were administrated moderate-intensity aerobic training program 6 times a week for 9 weeks. After the intervention， the cognitive function was evaluated by the attentional set-shifting task (AST). TUNEL was used to detect the apoptosis of nerve cells， immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of dopamine receptor DR1， and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect dopamine content. Result：The cognitive flexibility of rats in aerobic training group was significantly improved than the model group， and the number of persistent errors was significantly lower than the model group. Compared with the model group， the rate of apoptosis of nerve cells in frontal lobe tissue in aerobic training group decreased， and the expression and dopamine content of DRD1 increased. Conclusion：Aerobic training could effectively improve the cognitive flexibility of rats with frontal lobe injury. The mechanism of aerobic training maybe associated with reduced the apoptosis of nerve cells in frontal lobe tissue， increased dopamine content and DRD1 expression.